Finish-remover.



ii TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARLETON ELLIS, F MONTGLAIR, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T0 CHAIDELOID CHEMICAL COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N..Y., A. CORPORATION O15 WEST VIRGINIA.

FINISH-REMOVER.

No Drawing.

specification.

This invention relates especially to finish removers'preferably containing a small proportion of effective film forming waxy evaporation retarding material incorporated withthe finish solvents preferably in connection with non-waxy stiffening material, such as celluloid or other pyroxylin thickeners, there also being preferably included in the remover solvents a small proportion of relatively non-volatile neutral solvent liquid. Celluloid, whichis readily obtainable in the form of scrap celluloid, forms a desirable remover thickener in many instances and may be used in connection with other waxy evaporation retarding thickeners, such as paraffin, ceres1n,'and so forth.

The camphor contained in celluloid, as well as other similar solid terpenes, tend to pro mote the solvent action of alcohols and similar remover solvents when incorporated therewith and also have a desirable action in promoting the permanency, uniformity and other desirable properties of pyroxylin thickened removers. It is also advantageous to use celluloid, pyroxylin or similar nonwaxy stiffening materials to secure the desired increase of consistency or mechanical thickening of the remover, since such thickeners have the very desirable property of possessing a substantially uniform thickening action under varying temperature conditions so as to render the consistency of the remover less dependent on ordinary temperature changes. Other cellulose esters, such as nitrohydrocellulose, nitrooxycellulose and other product-s of the nitration of degraded cellulose are also valuable in this connection. By using such cellulose thick eners to secure the desired mechanical thickening of the remover, it is only necessary to use a relatively small proportion of paraflin, ceresin or other waxy thickener to secure ample evaporation retarding action and keep the remover from drying out for considerable lengths of time. It is also possible to secure the evaporation retarding action by the use of still less of the waxy Specification of Letters Patent.

thickener incorporated in the remover and I Patented J an. 21, 1913.

Application filed June 21., 1911. Serial No. 634,565.

dissolving the wax in a suitable solventsuch as benzol and then adding a relatively small proportion of wood alcohol to partially precipitate the wax, preferably when the solution is still slightly warm, say at temperatures of about 25 to 30 degrees C. The precipitated material may then be separated and the solvent removed therefrom by pressure or heat, or both, so as to secure the high melting point components of thewax. For example, hard paraffin wax having a melting point of 57 degrees C. may be dissolved 1n benzol in the proportion of grams of wax in 200 c. c. of benzol to which wood alcohol is added in the proportion of 25 c. c. to the amounts above specified. When this is allowed to stand for three hours or so at room temperature, the wax precipitates to thicken or partly solidify the mixture. On pressing, the solvent may be largely removed and on heating to remove the remaining solvent material the harder components of the wax -may be recovered to the extent of about 50 or 55 per cent. of the original paraffin and this harder higher melting point fraction of the wax has a melting point of about 63 degrees C. in the case of some grades of wax treated in this way. Such high melting point fractionated paraflin wax is less soluble in mixtures of remover solvents, such as benzol, alcohol, acetone, or the like, than the lower, melting. point wax from which it was derived for instance and thus has an increased precipitating and film forming action under L .larly' increased in its evaporation retarding action in remover service.

For inany purposes it is desirable to use in removers for severe service a considerable proportion of relatively non-volatile liquid preventing the drying of the thicksuch as formed by the oxidation ening material which is undesirable when comprising large proportions of pyroxylin or the like. It is desirable to use for this purpose a balanced heavy liquid component in order to have less interference with the evaporation retarding action of the wax 'when the remover is allowed to remain on power for wax so as to have a wax precipitatin or balancing action with respect to the oregoing are di-propyl ketone, butyrone, methyl propyl ketone, valerorle, dibutyl ketone; light and heavy acetone oils, diethyl ketone and chlordiethyl ketone, aldehydes or mixed aldehydes and of amyl alcohol, light and heavy oils of-wood tar, especially deodorized heavy oil of wood tar, chlorethyl acetate, stearone or diheptadecylketone, aceto or formo dichlorhydrin, glychydrins, olefin oxids,

erol chlorhydrins, or other derivatives of gas naphtha *and other unsaturated petroleum products or olefins, such as the chloralcohol, quasi allyl alcohol, chlorallyl aloo:

loosening finish solvent material,

higher ketones. solvent material hol, benzyl alcohol, acetal, chloracetal, se-

bacic ether, benzaldehyde, etc.

The main remover solvents may comprise that is,

solvents of a generally alcoholic character or action in removers, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and other strict alcohols, preferably in their commercial forms, including denatured alcohol, as'well as ketonic solvents, such as methyl ethyl ketone, oil of acetone, acetone, methyl acetone, which may contain about forty percent. of acetone, some methyl alcohol and considerable Suitable penetrating finish may also be used, that is, solvent material of a generally benzolic character or action .in removers, such as benzol and its homologues, toluol, xylol, and

soforth, and their commercial forms such as commercial toluol, solvent naphtha and the somewhat analogous petroleum hydrocarbons, such as naphtha and benzin, as well as carbon-bisulfid, turpentine, wood turpentine, carbon-tetrachlorid and other chlorinated solvents.

A suitable illustrative remover compositlon may comprlse 45 gallons of benzol, 35

alcohols,

such as one ounce of etc., eugenol, allyl preliminary solution.

gallons of methyl acetone, 10 gallons of methyl or ethyl alcohol, 3 gallons of wood turpentine, 2 gallons of eplchlorhydrin, 15' to 35 pounds of scrap celluloid and 3 to 7 pounds of hard parafiin which may be the fractionated high melting point paraflin referred to, l i Another suitable illustrative remover composition -may comprise 51 gallons of benzol, 15 gallons of methyl acetone, 20 gallons of methyl alcohol, 3 parts of hard fractionated wax, such as fractionated parafiin, ozocerite or beeswax, 25 parts of cel luloid scrap, v5 gallons of wood turpentine and 5 gallons of light oil of wood tar.

Another suitable illustrative remover composition may comprise 30 gallons of wood alcohol, 20 gallons of methyl ethyl ketone, 20 gallons of chlorbenzol, 30 gallons of 62 gasolene, 15 pounds of parafiin Wax, 10 pounds of nitrocellulose and 10 pounds of wood flour. v

' Another illustrative remover may com prise one gallon of methyl acetone and one gallon of wood alcohol thickened with 10 ounces of nitrocellulose or soluble cotton, and four ounces of camphor dissolved in the solvents, together with waxy thickeners, parafiin and one ounce of Japan wax.

Another illustrative composition may comprise one gallon of methyl acetone thickened with 8 ounces of scrap celluloid and one ounce of Japan wax or paratfin.

Another composition may comprise one quart of methyl acetone, one quart of wood alcohol and two quarts of benzol in which five ounces of ceresin and seven ounces of scrap celluloid have been incorporated by It 1s of course understood thatthe nitro-'' cellulose or pyroxylin thickener is preferably first dissolved in the more energetic solvents therefor which may be effected at a slight increase of temperature preferably below a blood heat to prevent undesirable coagulation, The wax may then be dissolved in the remover solvents which have the mostlene'rgetic solvent action thereon and the two solutions incorporated and thoroughly agitated to secure uniformity.

Having described this invention in connection with a numberof illustrative ingredients', formulas,-proportions and processes, to the details of which disclosure the invention is not of course to be limited, what is claimed as new is:

lwThe' finish remover comprising approximately 45 gallons of benzol, 35 allons of methyl acetone, 10 gallons of methyl alcohol, 3 gallons of wood turpentine, 2 gallons of epichlorhydrin, 15 to 35 pounds of celluloid and 3 to 7 pounds of hard fractionated parafiin Wax having a melting point of 60 C. or more.

2. The finish remover comprising approximately 45 gallons of benzol, 45 gallons of loosening finish solvent material comprising methyl alcohol, 3 gallons of Wood turpentine, 2 gallons of epichlorhydrin, 15 to 35 pounds of celluloid and 3 to 7 pounds of hard fractionated mineral Wax.

'3. The finish remover comprising ap: proximately 45 gallons of penetrating finish solvent material comprising benzol, 45 gallons of loosening finish solvent material com prising Wood alcohol, 5- gallons of relatively non-volatile substantially neutral remover solvent, several per cent. of celluloid and in corporated parafi'in Wax.

4. The finish remover comprising approximately equal parts of penetrating and oi loosening finish solvent material including wood alcohol, a number of per cent. of relatively non-volatile substantially neutral 20 part of composite volatile organic finish 25 softening material including loosening finish solvent material and several per cent. at least of relatively non-volatile neutral remover solvent and incorporated thickens ing material including dissolved celluloid 30 and mineral Wax.

CARLETON ELLIS.

Witnesses:

HARRY L..DUNCAN, Jnssm B. KAY. 

